Diabetic Nephropathy/ Siruneeragam Kaapom Thittam
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is caused by uncontrolled Hypertension and Diabetes. According to the GBD Study 2023, the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease attributable to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is 2.47% in Tamil Nadu compared to 1.93% Nationally, highlighting the higher burden of Diabetic Nephropathy in the State. Since CKD often remains asymptomatic in its early stages, early detection through routine screening is therefore critical to enable timely intervention, prevent disease progression, reduce complications, and improve long-term health outcomes.
To strengthen the early identification and management of CKD, a comprehensive screening strategy under
Siruneeragam Kaapom Thittam has been implemented across different levels of the healthcare system since July 16, 2023. Under this initiative, Routine urine dipstick testing is conducted at HWC-HSCs and PHCs to screen individuals above 18 years for proteinuria and those detected are referred to higher centre for further evaluation.
All Diabetics and Hypertensives registered under MTM are subjected to assessment for CKD at NCD clinics by estimating e-GFR based on a set criteria. Patients requiring specialist evaluation are referred to higher-level facilities, including Sub-District Hospitals (SDHs) and District Headquarters Hospitals (DHQHs) for Ultrasound and Nephrology consultation. This systematic approach enables early detection of CKD, timely treatment, and improved patient outcomes while reducing the risk of progression to kidney failure.
As on 31.03.2026, a total of 1.46 crore individuals had been screened at PHCs and HSCs under the programme, of whom 39,718 were referred for further diagnostic evaluation and management.
